Eco-Corridor Resurrects Former Brownfield

HONOR AWARD

General Design

Ningbo, China | SWA | Client: Ningbo Planning Bureau - East New Town Development Committee

PROJECT STATEMENT

Through an innovative and carefully composed tapestry of topography, hydrology, and vegetation, the project transforms an uninhabitable brownfield into a linear “living filter.” Ningbo Eco- Corridor creates vital habitat for native flora and fauna, enhances public health, creates beautiful public spaces, and raises the bar globally for sustainable development. Just after the first phase of completion, rarely seen local wildlife has returned – A testament to the health of the restored natural systems, waterways, and habitats of the site. The successful “living filter” makes a case for similarly sized cities in the region and beyond to plan based on high-performance best practices. Ningbo Eco-Corridor is a clear example of the economic and quality of life successes that investing in green infrastructure can offer.

PROJECT NARRATIVE

Context & Scope: A New Urban Green Spine
Ningbo City lies in the southern part of the Yangtze River delta eco-region. This area was historically known for its extensive riparian forests, reed swamps, rural agricultural cultivation, and a vast network of canals. As a result of rapid urbanization, by the end of the 20th century the canals of the Eco-Corridor site were severely degraded due to a disastrous combination of industrial use and lack of effective zoning and pollution control.

In 2002, with the dual intention of alleviating development pressure on Old Ningbo City and setting a precedent for a balanced, ecological approach to further urban expansion, the planning department called for a master plan for “Ningbo Eastern New City,” which includes six square miles of mixed-use urban development to accommodate the growing population. Ningbo Eco-Corridor is located at the center of this urban expansion. It provides a linear network of green spaces where humans, wildlife, and plants can reside, coexist, and prosper.

Recognizing that wetland and aquatic habitats hold the greatest conservation significance for this eco-region, the design team focused their energies on a site-specific intervention that would have historical and cultural relevance in the new era of eco-consciousness. Phase 1 (56 acres total) was recently completed, and work on Phase 2 is scheduled to begin this year.

Design Intent: A living filter
Pre-industry, the network of canals accommodated the diverse functions of transportation, irrigation, and flood control. Within the Eco-Corridor Phase 1 site, water management and ecological functionality were woven into a unique park and recreation area, simulating the original canal functions. Carefully designed layers of soil, water, and vegetation offer recreational and educational opportunities, foster an increased community relationship to water, and support natural habitat in an urban context.

The resulting successful “living filter” makes a case for similarly sized cities in the region and beyond to plan cities based on high-performance best practices. Ningbo Eco-Corridor is a clear example of the economic and quality of life successes that investing in green infrastructure has to offer.

Design Approach

A Model for Sustainability
The Eco-Corridor serves as the spine of Ningbo New City’s open space system, creating and connecting a variety of land uses. Extending two miles, the corridor merges seamlessly with the adjacent urban fabric and natural systems, creating a symbiotic relationship between the greenway and surrounding city.

Through an innovative and carefully composed tapestry of topography, hydrology, and vegetation, the Ningbo Eco-Corridor transforms an uninhabitable brownfield into a linear “living filter.” By restoring the ecological network in this region, Phase 1 of the Ningbo Eco-Corridor creates vital habitat for native flora and fauna, enhances public health, creates beautiful and enjoyable public spaces for local and neighboring communities, and raises the bar for sustainable development in China and beyond.

“There are so many opportunities to enter and enjoy it. They succeed admirably in making this site feel natural. The materials used for the bridges and walks speak to the industrial past and are adroitly integrated into the park.”

- 2016 Awards Jury

PROJECT CREDITS

Lead Designer:

  • Hui-Li Lee, ASLA

SWA Group Team Members:

  • Hui-Li Lee, ASLA
  • Roy Imamura
  • Chih-Wei Lin, ASLA
  • Scott Chuang
  • Jack Wu
  • Chih-Wei Chang, ASLA
  • Nancy Coutler
  • Amity Winters
  • Luis Kao
  • Xun Li
  • Kathy Sun
  • Huiqing Kuang

Architect:

  • Shen-I Chiou
  • Marc Ojanen
  • Ojanen_Chiou Architects LLP

Environmental Consultants:

  • Mark Merkelbach
  • Herrera Environmental Consultants
  • Galen Fulford
  • Biomatrix Water

Local Design Institute:

  • Ningbo Landscape Architecture Design Research College

PRODUCTS

RIPARIAN BUFFER

  • Acorus calamus
  • Acorus tatarinowii
  • Alisma orientale
  • Astilbe macrocarpa
  • Caldesia parnassifolias
  • Carex dimorpholepis
  • Carex stipitinux
  • Carex triangulatus
  • Ceratophyllum demersum
  • Eleocharis pellucida
  • Eleocharis yokoscensis
  • Hemerocallis fulva
  • Hydrilla verticillata
  • Iris japonica
  • Juncus alatus
  • Juncus gracillimus
  • Juncus setchuensis
  • Lycoris radiata
  • Nelumbo nucifera
  • Nymphaea alba
  • Nymphaea tetragona
  • Oligostachyum sulcatum
  • Ottelia alismoides
  • Phragmites australis
  • Potamogeton malaianus
  • Potamogeton octandrus
  • Potamogeton oxyphyllus
  • Sagittaria trifolia
  • Scirpus juncoides
  • Scirpus planiculmis
  • Scirpus tabernaemontani
  • Sparganium fallax
  • Typha angustifolia
  • Vallisneria denseserrulata
  • Vallisneria natans
  • Zizania caduciflora

FREE WATER SURFACE WETLAND TREATMENT PONDS

  • Arundo donax var. versicolor
  • Canna glauca
  • Iris pseudacorus
  • Iris tectorum Maxim
  • Juncus effuses
  • Lythrum salicaria
  • Scirpus validus Vahl
  • Thalia dealbata
  • Typha orientalis

TERRESTRIAL SHRUBS / BUFFER

  • Acorus gramineus
  • Ardisia japonica
  • Cortaderia selloana
  • Hemerocallis fulva
  • Hosta plantaginea
  • Hypericum chinensis
  • Imperata cylindrica ‘Red Baron’ 
  • Leymus arenarius
  • Liriope palatyphylla
  • Lycoris radiata
  • Miscanthus floridulus
  • Miscanthus sacchariflorus
  • Miscanthus sinensis
  • Nakai Triarrherca sacchariflora
  • Nassella tenuissima
  • Oenanthe javanica
  • Oenothera biennis Linn. 
  • Ophiopogon japonicus
  • Oxalis corniculata
  • Oxalis rubra
  • Pennisetum alopecuroides
  • Phyllostachys heterocycla(Carr.)
  • Phyllostachys viridis
  • Sasa fortunei
  • Sedum sarmentosum
  • Serissa serissoides
  • Setaria viridis
  • Thunbergia alata
  • Trifolium repnes
  • Zephyranthes grandiflora

TREES WITH HUMIDITY TOLERANCE

  • Acer ginnala
  • Celtis sinensis
  • Metasequoia glyptostroboides
  • Pinus elliottii
  • Pterocarya stenoptera
  • Salix babylonica
  • Salix purpurea
  • Sapium sebiferum
  • Taxodium ascendens

AGGRESSIVE SPECIES FOR SPECIAL CONTROL

  • Hydrocharis dubia
  • Lythrums salicaria
  • Phalaris arundinacea

INVASIVE SPECIES TO AVOID ALL TIME

  • Solidago canadensis
  • Spartina alterniflora